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DevOps, SRE and Platform Engineering
CI/CD
1.
What’s CI/CD?
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2.
Explain the phases of CI/CD
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3.
Have you ever used GitHub actions? How does it work?
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4.
Have you ever used GitLab? How does it differ from GitHub?
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Docker and Containerization
1.
What’s the difference between a virtual machine and a container runtime?
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2.
How does containerization work?
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3.
Is Docker the only way to create a container?
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4.
What is the purpose and power of an image?
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5.
What is the registry and how is it used in containerization?
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6.
What’s a Dockerfile?
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7.
What is the first line of a Dockerfile?
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8.
How do you attach a volume in a Docker container?
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9.
How do you manage or orchestrate multiple containers?
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10.
What’s the purpose of Docker Compose?
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11.
Best practice for building a good Dockerfile
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12.
Why too many lines are bad for a Dockerfile?
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Cloud
1.
What is cloud computing?
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2.
Define public, hybrid, and private cloud and give a use case for each
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3.
What is serverless?
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4.
Is I say edge computing, what do I mean?
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5.
List some CNCF (Cloud Native Computing Foundation) graduated projects or projects you like
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Site Reliability Engineering
1.
What is a receiver in an alert manager?
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2.
What happens when you execute a `curl` command on a Prometheus exporter endpoint?
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3.
Give me an example of an OpenMetrics payload
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4.
What is a Service Level Objective (SLO)?
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5.
What is a Service Level Indicator (SLI)?
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6.
What is a Service Level Agreement (SLA)?
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7.
If I say "Error Budget", what do I mean? SLA is 99.9%, what is the error budget?
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Terraform and Infrastructure as Code
1.
What is Infrastructure as Code and why is it important in modern cloud development?
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2.
Explain the following commands: terraform init, terraform plan, terraform apply
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3.
What is the purpose of the Terraform state file?
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4.
What is Terraform's remote state?
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5.
Where should it be stored, for example, in AWS as a cloud provider?
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6.
What is a Terraform provider and what’s the difference between a provider and a resource?
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7.
What is the way of reusing Terraform templates?
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8.
How can you use Terraform variables?
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9.
What major cloud provider can Terraform work with?
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10.
How does Terraform handle updates to existing resources?
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11.
How does Terraform handle dependencies between resources?
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Kubernetes, Helm, and Container Orchestration
1.
What is Kubernetes, and what are some of its main features and benefits?
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2.
What are the components of a Kubernetes cluster, and how do they interact with each other?
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3.
How can you interact with Kubernetes API?
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4.
Explain these commands: k create, k get, k describe, k delete, k apply, k logs, k exec, scale, rollout
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5.
How do you create a Kubernetes deployment, and what are some best practices to follow when defining deployments?
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6.
What is an ImagePullPolicy and what values can this parameter hold?
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7.
What is a Kubernetes port forward? Why do you use that? What’s the command to perform that?
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8.
NodePort vs LoadBalancer?
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9.
What is the role of the Scheduler?
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10.
Explain node affinity, node taints, node selectors, and pod priority.
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11.
What are Kubernetes pods, and how do they relate to containers?
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12.
Explain the Pod lifecycle
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13.
What is the CrashLoopBackOff state?
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14.
Explain the following command
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15.
What’s the difference between resource request and resource limit in Kubernetes?
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16.
When is a Pod evicted?
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17.
How does Kubernetes health checks work?
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18.
What is a livenessProbe ?
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19.
What is a readinessProbe ?
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20.
What is a startupProbe ?
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21.
How many kinds of probe types are there?
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22.
NodeAffinity vs PodAffinity
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23.
What is the POD disruption budget?
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24.
What is a Kubernetes volume?
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25.
How is a Kubernetes volume different from a container's file system?
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26.
What are some types of Kubernetes volumes?
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27.
How do you define a Kubernetes volume in a Pod's YAML configuration?
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28.
How do you mount a Kubernetes volume to a container?
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29.
Can multiple containers in a Pod share the same volume?
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30.
What is a Persistent Volume (PV) in Kubernetes?
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31.
How do you define a Persistent Volume in Kubernetes?
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32.
How do you claim a Persistent Volume in Kubernetes (PVC)?
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33.
How do you use a Persistent Volume in a Pod?
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34.
What is a StorageClass and how does that work?
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35.
What are the benefits of StorageClass?
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36.
What is a Kubernetes namespace, and how can it be used to manage resources in a multi-tenant environment?
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37.
What are Kubernetes Services, and how do they enable application discovery and load balancing?
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38.
What is an Ingress and how does it work?
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39.
What is a Kubernetes Controller and how does it work?
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40.
Explain the difference between ReplicaSet controller, Deployment controller, StatefulSet controller, and DaemonSet controller
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41.
What is a secret, and how can it be used to manage sensitive information like passwords and API keys?
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42.
How do you scale a Kubernetes deployment, and what factors should you consider when determining the optimal number of replicas?
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43.
Also, what metrics exist (natively) that can trigger a new pod?
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44.
What kind of autoscaling is Kubernetes capable of?
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45.
What is HPA and how does it work?
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46.
What is Cluster Autoscaling and how does it work?
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47.
What is a ConfigMap?
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48.
What’s a Kubernetes Operator?
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49.
Explain RBAC - Role Based Access Control
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50.
What is the difference between Role and RoleBinding?
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51.
Role vs ClusterRole, explain the difference
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52.
What are some best practices for monitoring and logging Kubernetes clusters and applications running on them?
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53.
Do you have any experience with Grafana+Prometheus, New Relic, Datadog, Dynatrace, or other similar products?
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54.
How would you decide to separate Kubernetes clusters in an organisation? In what conditions would you have a single cluster?
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55.
How do you manage multi-tenancy on Kubernetes in general and in terms of billing?
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56.
How would you set up a high availability HA cluster in Kubernetes?
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57.
How would you manage etcd? Stacked or unstacked?
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Helm
1.
What is Helm?
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2.
Explain helm create, helm package, and helm install commands
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3.
What does this `replicas: {{ .Values.replicaCount }}` mean?
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4.
How does helm templating work?
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5.
What is Jinja?
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6.
How can you see the story of the releases in helm?
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7.
Describe how to perform a go to the previous version in helm
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Platform Engineering
1.
What is Platform Engineering?
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2.
What is the difference between DevOps, SRE and Platform Engineering?
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3.
What is the tooling you use for Platform Engineering?
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4.
Should I go Platform Engineering if I have one product and one team?
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OpenShift
1.
Do you have any experience with OpenShift Container Platform?
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2.
What is OpenShift?
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Ansible
1.
What is the difference between Playbook and Role?
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2.
How do you debug a Playbook?
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3.
How would you use Ansible to automate the deployment of a web application?
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AWS
1.
Define these AWS Services: EC2, S3, Route 53, Lambda, IAM
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2.
What kind of different Load Balancers does AWS offer?
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3.
Define these networking resources in AWS: VPC, ACL, NACL
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4.
What’s the difference between EKS, ECS, and ECR?
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5.
What is CloudFormation and how does it work?
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Azure
1.
How would you deploy a web application to Azure App Service?
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2.
Can you explain the difference between Azure Virtual Machines and Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS), and when you might choose one over the other?
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3.
How do you configure Azure Active Directory for use in a single-sign-on (SSO) scenario?
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